Thursday, April 29, 2010

Job analysis

Concept, meaning and definition

- A process of collecting and analyzing data relating to a job.
- It involves three questions: - What is a job? What should be analyzed? What methods of analysis should be used?
- A job is a group of essentially similar activities or tasks performed by a person or a group of persons.
- It determines the tasks, duties and responsibilities of the job.
- It should be done for each job in the organization.
- Job analysis can be done by:
- Observe current workers.
- Questionnaires filled out by worker and managers.
- Current trends are toward flexible jobs where duties are not easily defined in advance.

Uses / significance of job analysis

- Organisational Design
- Human resource planning
- Recruitment and selection
- Training and development
- Performance appraisal
- Job design
- Job evaluation
- Labour relations
- Health and safety.
- Career path planning

General purpose of job analysis

- To understand the requirements of a job.
- To gather information for use in personnel selection, training, classification, and/or compensation.
- to determine the physical requirements of a job to determine whether an individual who has suffered some diminished capacity is capable of performing the job with, or without, some accommodation.

Methods

- There are several ways to conduct a job analysis, including:
o interviews with incumbents and supervisors,
o questionnaires (structured, open-ended, or both),
o observation, and
o gathering background information such as duty statements or classification specifications.
- In job analysis conducted by HR professionals, it is common to use more than one of these methods. For example,
o the job analysts may tour the job site and observe workers performing their jobs.
o During the tour the analyst may collect materials that directly or indirectly indicate required skills (duty statemenets, instructions, safety manuals, quality charts, etc).
o The analyst may then meet with a group of workers or incumbents. And finally, a survey may be administered.

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